Kode Etik Keperawatan & Implikasinya dalam Praktek Keperawatan Profesional

Kode Etik Keperawatan & Implikasinya dalam

Praktek Keperawatan Profesional

Etika dan Keperawatan

1.      Membedakan apa yg baik dg yg buruk  - nilai benar dan salah – yg layak dan tidak layak.

2.      Hak dan kewajiban moral (akhlak) – nilai yg berhubungan dg akhlak.

 

Hubungannya dg profesi keperawatan

kode etik keperawatan

Pendahuluan

v  Nurses have four fundamental responsibilities: to promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health and to alleviate suffering.

Perawat mempunyai empat tanggung-jawab pokok : mempromosikan kesehatan, mencegah penyakit, memugar kembali kesehatan dan mengurangi kesakitan

v  The need for nursing is universal.

Kebutuhan akan ilmu perawatan adalah universal.

v  Inherent in nursing is respect for human rights, including the right to life, to dignity and to be treated with respect.

v  Nursing care is unrestricted by considerations of age, colour, creed, culture, disability or illness, gender, nationality, politics, race or social status.

v  Nurses render health services to the individual, the family and the community and co-ordinate their services with those of related groups.

" Yang tidak bisa dipisahkan di (dalam) [merawat/menyusu] adalah rasa hormat untuk hak azasi manusia, termasuk hak untuk hidup, ke martabat dan untuk diperlakukan dengan rasa hormat.

 " Kepedulian Ilmu perawatan adalah tak terlarang oleh pertimbangan usia, warna, syahadat, kultur, cacat atau penyakit, jenis kelamin, kebangsaan, politik, [ras/lomba] atau status sosial.

 " Perawat memandang jasa kesehatan kepada yang individu, keluarga dan masyarakat dan co-ordinate jasa mereka dengan mereka yang kelompok terkait.

Code Eticks

v  A formal statement of a group’s ideals and values.

v  A set of ethical principles that is shared by members of the group, reflects their moral judgment over time, an serves as a professional standard for their professional action

v  Are usually higher than legal standards, and they can never be less than the legal standards of the profession.

The Purposes of Nursing Codes of Ethics

1.      To inform the public about the minimum standards of the profession and to help them understand professional nursing conduct.

2.      To provide a sign of the profession’s commitment to the public it serves.

3.      To outline the major ethical considerations of the profession.

4.      To provide general guidelines for professional behavior.

5.      To guide the profession in self-regulation.

6.      To remind nurses of the special responsibility they assume when caring the clients

The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses

An international code of ethics for nurses was first adopted by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) in 1953.

It has been revised and reaffirmed at various times since, most recently with this review and revision completed in 2000.

Code of Ethics for Nurses

International Council of Nurses

 

Has four principal elements that outline the standards of ethical conduct

1.      Nurse and the People

2.      Nurses and Practice

3.      Nurses and the Profession

4.      Nurses and Co-workers

Nurses and people

Ø  The nurse’s primary professional responsibility is to people requiring nursing care.

Ø  In providing care, the nurse promotes an environment in which the human rights, values, customs and spiritual beliefs of the individual, family and community are respected.

Ø  The nurse ensures that the individual receives sufficient information on which to base consent for care and related treatment.

Ø  The nurse holds in confidence personal information and uses judgment in sharing this information.

Ø  The nurse shares with society the responsibility for initiating and supporting action to meet the health and social needs of the public, in particular those of vulnerable populations.

Ø  The nurse also shares responsibility to sustain and protect the natural environment from depletion, pollution, degradation and destruction.

Nurses and Practice

Ø  The nurse carries personal responsibility and accountability for nursing practice, and for maintaining competence by continual learning.

Ø  The nurse maintains a standard of personal health such that the ability to provide care is not compromised.

Ø  The nurse uses judgment regarding individual competence when accepting and delegating responsibility.

Ø  The nurse at all times maintains standards of personal conduct which reflect well on the profession and enhance public confidence.

Ø  The nurse , in providing care, ensures that use of technology and scientific advances are compatible with the safety, dignity and  rights of people.

Nurses and the profession

1.      The nurse assumes the major role in determining and implementing acceptable standards of clinical nursing practice, management, research and education.

2.      The nurse is active in developing a core of research-based professional knowledge.

3.      The nurse, acting through the professional organisation, participates in creating and maintaining equitable social and economic working conditions in nursing.

Nurses and co-workers

v  The nurse sustains a co-operative relationship with co-workers in nursing and other fields.

v  The nurse takes appropriate action to safeguard individuals when their care is endangered by a co-worker or any other person.

Kode Etik Keperawatan (PPNI)

v  Perawat & Klien

v  Perawat & Praktek

v  Perawat & Masyarakat

v  Perawat & Teman Sejawat

v  Perawat & Profesi

Apa Implikasinya :

Ø  The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses is a guide for action based on social values and needs. It will have meaning only as a living document if applied to the realities of nursing and health care in a changing society.

Ø  To achieve its purpose the Code must be understood, internalised and used by nurses in all aspects of their work. It must be available to students and nurses throughout their study and work lives.

Bagaimana Aplikasinya :

1.      The four elements of the ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses: nurses and people, nurses and practice, nurses and co-workers, and nurses and the profession, give a framework for the standards of conduct.

2.      Study the standards under each element of the Code.

3.      Reflect on what each standard means to you. Think about how you can apply   ethics in your nursing domain: practice, education, research or management.

4.      Discuss the Code with co-workers and others.

5.      Use a specific example from experience to identify ethical dilemmas and standards of conduct as outlined in the Code. Identify how you would resolve  the dilemma.

6.      Work in groups to clarify ethical decision making and reach a consensus on standards of ethical conduct.

7.      Collaborate with your national nurses’ association, co-workers, and others in the continuous application of ethical standards in nursing practice, education, management and research.

“A great many professional associations have a formal code of ethics, but few have any really viable machinery by which to search out violations and undertake effective action to correct them”